King Juan Carlos is
willingly subjecting himself to humiliation, while he could go on safari
instead. As was the case in 1981, he may
be key to containing the military under crisis related to the Catalan quest for
independence. One can only hope that under Benedict XVI the
Catholic Church will not fail the test.
Girona, September 28 – the train from Barcelona to
Girona is timely and comfortable. On the way, we pass small towns and villages. Invariably, houses that face the tracks are decorated with Catalan flags.
The daily newspapers indicate that yesterday, King Juan Carlos was still in Barcelona, most
of it spent with President/”President” Artur Mas, but a single amicable joint photographs
of the two is yet to emerge.
Their day started
in the Catalan parliament, where the final vote on the November referendum was
84 in favor, 21 opposed, and 26 abstained.
From there the King and the President/”President” went to the Barcelona harbor, for the inauguration of a new port. En route, the two were photographed, seated
side by side in the front of the large transit vehicle. Artur Mas was smiling ear to ear, the King, sulky, was looking out of the window.
At the Barcelona
port, an attempt was made to produce an official group photo, which ended up in
embarrassment, reported as a breach of protocol. The end product is a photo, where the
representative of China (which sponsored the new Barcelona port) in the
center, the President/”President” on the far right, and the King on the far
left, both of them trying to resolve the embarrassment.
There is no doubt
that the King is subjecting himself to unnecessary humiliation. He could have just as well stayed in Madrid, or
gone on another safari in Africa.
One should not
underestimate King Juan Carlos, regardless of some unfortunate recent remarks
regarding the Catalan quest for independence.
After all, his brave stand was key to defeating the fascist military coup of
1981.
The Catholic
Church in Spain appears much closer to the military than to the civilian government, historically and also
today, as evidenced by the bizarre sitting arrangement last Sunday, during the
mass for La Merce’, where Artur Mas was besieged by senior members of the fascist Associacion Militar. On the other hand,
the King and the Catholic Church in Barcelona appear on amicable terms, as seen most recently earlier this week, on the occasion of the commemorative ceremony of one of the old monasteries in
Barcelona.
As one gets
closer to Girona, the landscape increasingly resembles the countryside of Provence or Toscana. Rolling hills that are carpeted with small fields of
various crops, as opposed to the never ending corn fields of the American Midwest. In Catalonia, in contrast with Provence and
Toscana, the landscape is also sprinkled with industrial facilities. (according to newspapers, the Catalan economy is greater than that of Austria!)
Girona itself is
located on a fork of the Rio Ter, in what used to be a major port, with a strategically
positioned hill above it, which were all protected by strong walls since Roman
times, some still standing. Rio Ter itself is comparable in size to the Amsterdam canals, and the buildings on its banks also resemble the old mercantile houses in Amsterdam.
Rio Ter, Girona, and canal in Amsterdam
The narrow
historic streets and alleys in Girona are decorated with Catalan flags.
Placa de
Independencia, a major public space, is a modest copy of the Placa Reial in Barcelona. Here too,
there is a temporary stage built, with a large screen, and a band is preparing
for tonight’s public concert and screening, part of the Girona film festival.
Girona was a
center of Convivencia in the Middle Ages.
That era was eroded over centuries, but came to its bitter end with the
institution of the Spanish Inquisition under Queen Isabella Catolica.
In Spain and other Catholic nations, the
Dominican Order played a key role in the Inquisition. Therefore, the fate of the Dominican monateries can be viewed as an indicator of the fight of the People against oppression.
As is the case in
numerous other medieval cities in Italy, France, and Spain, the Dominican
compound in Girona is large, fortified, and matches or exceeds the cathedral in its position at the top of the hill. It dates back to the 12th
Century.
The main building
remaining today is the large chapel. It
is denuded of any religious insignia, no cross, no stained glass windows. It is locked up, and a small sign in the front
identifies it as a “Hall” of the adjacent 400 year old University of Girona.
The convent part
of the compound is falling apart, and is in the midst of a costly conservation
project. In contrast with other
conservation projects in Girona, it is funded by the Spanish government, not the Catalan, says a
large sign. The coat of arms
of the Spanish government on the sign in defaced by graffiti.
A few years back,
I was visiting Toledo for a conference.
The large, fortified Dominican compound there is in pristine
conditions. The opening session of the conference,
including a welcome speech by the Spanish Minster of Health, was conducted in a
functional chapel in the compound, which appeared as an exotic, but bizarre
choice of the organizers.
Museo della Tortura, near the ruined Dominican monastery in San
Gimignano, Toscana
San Gimignano,
Toscana, is another medieval walled city, almost entirely intact. At one time it was
the hometown of the Dominican priest Savonarola, later the religious fanatic
tyrant of Firenze, where with help from youth gangs he enforced "bonfires of the vanities", including musical instruments, theatrical devices, immodest clothing... The Dominican Monastery in San Gimignano is in
ruins, unmarked. Right next to it is
Museo della Tortura…
In
one of the villages above Nice, Provence, not sure if it was Saint-Maurice,
Saint-Sylvestre, or one of the other picturesque nearby villages, I found some years ago an unexpected large green commons in the middle of the village. A
small sign in one corner said: Here stood the Dominican monastery, raised to
the ground by Napoleon in 1803.
The current Pope,
Benedict XV I, as Cardinal Ratzinger, headed the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith – the
historic office of the Inquisition.
One must wonder
if conduct of the Catholic church, in case Spain enters a military-civil crisis, related
to the Catalan quest for independence, would have been different had John Paul
II still been at the helm. Under John
Paul II, with gracious help from then US Ambassador to the Vatican Lindy Boggs,
I gained access for research to 500 years old archives of the Catholic Church in Toscana,
which had never been opened to the public before.
